Engineering note

Transformer engineering, explained plainly

Notes on the engineering decisions that determine whether a transformer reaches year 25. Written by our engineering team, in the language of standards rather than sales.

Loss and cost

Loss capitalisation: comparing transformer bids properly
The real cost of a transformer over its life

Duty cycle and thermal design

Harmonics and transformer derating
Derating for high ambient temperature
Sizing BESS transformers for the actual duty cycle
Low-temperature transformer operation in cold climates

Standards and testing

Routine, type and special tests under IEC 60076
What a factory audit checks in a transformer supplier

Project delivery

Transformer lead times and the 2026 supply gap
Designing out early failure in wind turbine transformers
The second specification: from site conditions to acceptance

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